Records and accounts

– see also Documents; Invoices

Access orders for recorded information

Cases

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-515

Costs

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-510

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-510

Suspicion

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-510

Accounting for VAT

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶101(4)

Agricultural flat-rate scheme

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶53-500

Auctioneers

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/2518 reg. 27

Bad debt relief

– see also Bad debt relief

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶18-983

Bank payroll tax

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2010 Sch. 1, para. 34

Breach of regulations, penalty

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-580

Breach of regulatory provisions, production of documents at registered address

Case Law – Fabco Ltd. [1993] BVC 802

Breach of requirement imposed by direction, penalty

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-584

Breaches of regulatory provisions, penalty

Assessment of amount due

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 76

Assessment time limit and supplementary assessments

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 77

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 69

Business record checks programme

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-580

Business records checks

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶985

Capital goods scheme

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶19-803

Cash accounting scheme

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-040

Charitable payroll deduction schemes

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1986/2211 reg. 9-12

Child trust funds

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2004/1450 reg. 31

Claims

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1996/1527 reg. 26

Claims not included in return, keeping and preserving

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶191-810

Claims, for the purposes of

Legislation/Regulatory – TMA70 Sch. 1A, para. 2A, 3, 3A, (6), (7)

Class 1 contributions

Deductions working sheet (P11)

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶1040-125

Disclosure of tax avoidance schemes (DOTAS)

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶1040-175

Elections to transfer liability

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶1040-150

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶1040-000 ; Tax Reporter ¶1040-100

Monthly or weekly

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶1040-125

Promoters of avoidance schemes

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶1040-200

Combined heat and power outputs record

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2001/838 Sch. 2, para. 2-8

Commissioners, required by

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6(1)

Companies

Duty to keep

Legislation/Regulatory – CA2006 s. 386, 387

Generally

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2270 ; Quick Overview ¶2365

Where and how long records to be kept

Legislation/Regulatory – CA2006 s. 388, 389

Company returns

Legislation/Regulatory – FA98 Sch. 18, para. 21-23

Computerised

Compliance checks

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-536

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-020

Penalty for failure relating to

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-536

Computerised, production of

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2008 s. 114

Construction industry scheme

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶283-225

Corporation tax self-assessment

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1998/3175 reg. 11, 12

Corporation tax, penalties

Commentary – Key Data ¶2-210

Councillors' allowances

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2003/2682 reg. 120

Data-gathering powers: data-holder's statutory records

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2011 Sch. 23, para. 46

Duty to keep

Companies

Legislation/Regulatory – CA2006 s. 386, 387

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2008 s. 115, Sch. 37, para. 4-6, 10 ; VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6

HMRC Guidance – CG64145 ; CH10100 ; CH11100 ; CH12100 ; CH13100 ; CH13200 ; CH13400 ; CH15100

Intrastat system

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1992/2790 reg. 5

Duty to keep, imposition by directions

Appeals

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 83(1)(zza), 84(7B)

Breach of requirements, penalties

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 69B

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6A

Earnings

Legislation/Regulatory – SSCBA92 s. 24

Electronic communications

Legislation/Regulatory – FA99 s. 132, 133 ; SI 2005/844

Electronically-supplied services

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶56-540

Electronically-supplied services, special accounting scheme

Commissioners' power to request production of records

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 3B, para. 15

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – Dir. 2006/112 art. 369

Obligation to keep and produce records

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 3B, para. 14

Enquiries

– see Enquiries

Evidence

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2000 Sch. 6, para. 126

Farmers' flat-rate scheme

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/2518 reg. 210, 211 ; VATA94 s. 54(6)(d)

Fiscal warehousing

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶63-885

Flat-rate scheme calculation

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-355

Free zones

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1984/1177 reg. 24

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶58-800

HMRC Guidance – Notice 700

HMRC's power to require certain records

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-000

Holiday for new businesses

Legislation/Regulatory – NICA2011 s. 9

Income support

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2003/2682 reg. 182

Income tax, penalties

Commentary – Key Data ¶2-030

Individual savings accounts (ISAs)

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1998/1870 reg. 29

Information required

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶58-900

HMRC Guidance – Notice 700

Insolvency

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-244

Inspection, certificate of employer's liability following

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2001/1004 Sch. 4, para. 26A

Insurance companies overseas life assurance business

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/3237 reg. 21-23

Insurance companies overseas life assurance business tax credit

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/3238 reg. 13-15

Insured persons

Legislation/Regulatory – FA94 s. 65(12) ; SI 1994/1774 reg. 41

Insurer's duties

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1997/265

Interest paid by deposit-takers and building societies

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2008/2682 reg. 17

Investment gold scheme

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – Dir. 2006/112 art. 356 ; FA99 s. 13(5), (6) ; SI 1995/2518 reg. 31A

Mitigation of penalty

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 70

Penalty for non-compliance

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 s. 69A

Retention

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/2518 reg. 31B

Terminal market supplies

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/2518 reg. 33A, 33B

Invoices

– see Invoices

Keeping

Legislation/Regulatory – FA96 Sch. 5, para. 2 ; SI 1996/1527 reg. 16 ; TH/FS1

Keeping and preserving

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1994/1774 reg. 16 ; SI 2001/1004 Sch. 4, para. 26 ; SSCBA92 Sch. 1, para. 8(1)

Landfill tax, in respect of

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2015/130 reg. 3

Local authorities and similar bodies

Accounting periods

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-305

Cash income

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-340

Cheque requisitions

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-320

Construction payments

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-315

Credit notes

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-310

Debtors' accounts

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-335

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-300

Impact of time limits

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-355

Ledger accounts

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-350

Payments to creditors

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-330

Petty cash payments, imprest accounts and staff expenses

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-325

Unjust enrichment

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶51-360

Unregistered bodies

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶52-735

Maintenance and preservation

Business records

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Electronic storage of invoices

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Long-term matters

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Storage outside the UK

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Manufactured overseas dividends

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1993/2004 reg. 6(4), (5), 7(4), (5)

Microfilm or microfiche

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-010

MTIC fraud

Appeal against direction

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-026

Assisting identification of VAT at risk

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-026

Direction to specified business

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-026

Preservation, six year limit

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-026

National Insurance contributions

Class 1

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2050

Class 1A

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2055

Class 1B

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2060

Class 2

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2065

Class 3

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2070

Class 4

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶2075

Non-preservation, penalties

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-580

Non-residents income from land

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/2902 reg. 13-16

Notice 700 and binding force of law

Case Law – The Austin Co of UK Ltd. [1992] BVC 977

Notices requiring production, penalty for failure to comply

Case Law – Monarch Assurance Co. Ltd. v. Income Tax Special Commissioners and Inland Revenue Commissioners. [1986] BTC 248

Obligation to keep

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2001 Sch. 7, para. 2, 3 ; SI 2002/761 reg. 9-11

HMRC Guidance – CH11100 ; CH12700 ; CH14950 ; CH51250

Obligations

Legislation/Regulatory – Dir. 2006/112 art. 241-243

Obligations to keep

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2000 Sch. 6, para. 125 ; SI 2001/838 reg. 7-9

Obligations, new record-keeping requirement

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶320 ; Quick Overview ¶975

Offences and penalties

Breach of regulations

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-580

Breach of requirement imposed by direction

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-584

Failure relating to computer records

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-536

Non-preservation of records

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-580

Power of arrest

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-520

PAYE

– see also PAYE

Direct collection

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2003/2682 reg. 143

Inspection of

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2003/2682 reg. 97

Inspection of certificate following

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2003/2682 reg. 79

Penalties

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶985

Pension schemes

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶389-950

Power to take samples

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-400

Preservation

Discharged

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6(4)

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6(3)

Information

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6(4)

Transfer of business as a going concern

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/2518 reg. 6(3)(f)

Public notice

Legislation/Regulatory – VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 6(2)

Purchased life annuities

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2008/562 reg. 21-25

Reconciliation

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶100 ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶101(4) ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶102(2) ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶120 ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-000

Holding copies on VAT file

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶170

Record keeping

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – Dir. 2006/112 art. 242 ; SI 1995/2518 reg. 31 ; VATA94 Sch. 11, para. 2(1)

Legislation/Regulatory – Dir. 2006/112 art. 243(1)

Sufficient detail to enable identification of goods dispatched

Legislation/Regulatory – Dir. 2006/112 art. 243(2)

Record-keeping

Flat-rate scheme

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-355

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶4-620

HMRC information provided

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-000

Money Laundering Regulations

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-898

Second-hand goods scheme

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶48-730

HMRC Guidance – Notice 718

Regulation requiring maintenance/production of, commissioners' powers

Case Law – R. v. Customs and Excise Commissioners, ex parte Hedges & Butler Limited. [1986] BTC 8,003

Reimbursement arrangements

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1994/1774 reg. 19E, 19F ; SI 1995/2518 reg. 43E, 43F ; SI 1996/1527 reg. 14F

Reserve forces' pay

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2003/2682 reg. 131

Retention

De-registration

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶43-920 ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶44-050

Example

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-000

Money laundering

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶60-898

Option to tax

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶35-000

Pre-transfer of business as going concern

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶54-155(3)

Retention period

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶980

Returns

– see also Returns

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – TMA70 s. 12B

Rounding of amounts, principles of fiscal neutrality and proportionality

Case Law – Fiscale eenheid Koninklijke Ahold NV v Staatssecretaris van Financiën (Case C-484/06). [2009] BVC 805 ; JD Wetherspoon plc v Revenue & Customs Commissioners (Case C-302/07). [2009] BVC 821

Saving Gateway accounts

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 2009/2997 reg. 23, 25

Second-hand goods scheme

Adequacy, commissioners' discretion

Case Law – Commissioners of Customs & Excise v. J. H. Corbitt (Numismatists) Ltd. (1980) 1 BVC 330

Margin scheme, commissioners' discretion

Case Law – (1984) 2 BVC 205,107

Margin scheme, commissioners' refusal to recognise records as sufficient

Case Law – Customs and Excise Commissioners v. J. H. Corbitt (Numismatists) Ltd. (1979) 1 BVC 251 ; Customs and Excise Commissioners v. J.H. Corbitt (Numismatists) Limited. (1978) 1 BVC 145

Self-assessment

Legislation/Regulatory – TMA70 s. 12B

Self-assessment returns

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶181-900

Solicitors

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶53-232 ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶53-234

Stamp duty land tax

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶63800

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2003 Sch. 10, para. 9-11, Sch. 11, para. 4-6, Sch. 11A, para. 3, 3A

HMRC Guidance – CH11100 ; CH12600 ; CH14940 ; SDLTM50200

Supplementary declarations

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶64-760

Tax credit claims

Incorrect evidencing, penalties

Legislation/Regulatory – FA2001 Sch. 6, para. 9A

Transfer of business as going concern

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶59-030

Retention

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶43-175 ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶43-775 ; Indirect Tax Reporter ¶54-155(3)

Transfer pricing

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶774-850

Unification of legislation

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶970

Value added tax

Flat-rate scheme

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶71800

Generally

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶67010

Importance

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶72010

Penalties

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶72190

Requirements

Commentary – Quick Overview ¶72030

VAT account

– see also VAT account

Generally

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶55-000

VAT Guide (Notice 700)

Commentary – Indirect Tax Reporter ¶4-325

Venture capital trusts

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1995/1979 reg. 23, 25

Warehoused goods

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1988/809 reg. 21, 25

Occupier

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1988/809 Sch. 2

Preservation

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1988/809 reg. 22

Production

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1988/809 reg. 23

Proprietor

Legislation/Regulatory – SI 1988/809 Sch. 3

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