Accruer arrangements, partnerships

Legislation/Regulatory – Misc. 114

Agricultural property, meaning

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16735

Agricultural value of property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶291-535

Amount

Fifty per cent rate

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-750

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-650

One hundred per cent rate

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-700

Transfers pre-March 1992

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-650

Amount of

Legislation/Regulatory – FA95 s. 155(3) ; IHTA84 s. 116
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24022 ; IHTM24034 ; IHTM24037 ; IHTM24140 ; IHTM24143 ; IHTM24145 ; IHTM24150 ; IHTM24174 ; IHTM24175 ; IHTM24200 ; IHTM24230 ; IHTM24241 ; IHTM24243

Attribution of value transferred

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 39A

Availability of relief

Legislation/Regulatory – IRInt. 1002

Background to relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-000

Broiler houses used for intensive rearing of poultry, ancillary connection

Case Law – Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs (2005) Sp C 500

Business assets gift relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶287-695

Business assets of a farmer

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16760

Business property relief, interaction with

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-250 ; Tax Reporter ¶660-850 ; Tax Reporter ¶666-200

Claims for relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-100
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24001

Commencement/cessation of trade

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶202-500

Conditions for

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 116(3), 123
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24011 ; IHTM24023 ; IHTM24024 ; IHTM24145 ; IHTM24205 ; SVM112110

Contracts for sale

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 124
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24040 ; IHTM30282

Country stewardship schemes

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Description of relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-050

European Economic Area

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶653-150 ; Tax Reporter ¶658-000
Legislation/Regulatory – FA2009 s. 122 ; IHTA84 s. 115(5), (7A)
HMRC Guidance – CG66940 ; CG66962 ; IHTM24001 ; IHTM24011 ; IHTM24131 ; IHTM24150 ; IHTM24165 ; IHTM24257 ; IHTM27054

Farm buildings

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Farm buildings, occupation period

Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs (2006) Sp C 565

Farm cottages

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-500
Legislation/Regulatory – ESC F16 ; IHTA84 s. 117, 169
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Farm fruit growing

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Farmhouse

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Occupation period

Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd (1996) Sp C 71

Of a character appropriate to the property

Case Law – Golding & Anor (Exors of Dennis Golding dec'd) [2011] TC 01211 ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs (2002) Sp C 337 ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs (2002) Sp C 336 ; [2012] BTC 1,900

Farmhouses

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16740

Farming companies

Conditions, general

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-900

Conditions, specific

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-850

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-800

Occupation for two years, qualification

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-900

Occupation of property by

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 119
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24072 ; IHTM24110 ; IHTM24123 ; IHTM24124 ; IHTM24134

Ownership for seven years, qualification

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-900

Property subject to a reservation

Legislation/Regulatory – FA86 Sch. 20, para. 8(3)

Rate of relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-950

Replacements of property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-900

Shares/securities, value attributable to

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 122, 123
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24011 ; IHTM24020 ; IHTM24021 ; IHTM24022 ; IHTM24173 ; IHTM24174 ; IHTM24175 ; IHTM24181 ; IHTM24182 ; IHTM24200 ; IHTM24206

Transfer of shares/securities

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 122, 123

Transfer within seven years before death

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 124A

Generally

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16730 ; Hardman's Tax Rates and Tables ¶8-260

Gifts of business assets

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶574-650
Legislation/Regulatory – TCGA92 Sch. 7, para. 1

Gifts subject to reservation

Aggregation of occupation and ownership

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-300

Death of transferee before transferor

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-400

Extension of relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-250

Farming companies

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-350

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶614-400

Loss of relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-450

Gifts with reservation

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16270 ; Essential Tax Companion ¶16730
Legislation/Regulatory – FA87 s. 58

Habitat schemes

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16730 ; Essential Tax Companion ¶16755 ; Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Horses, breeding and rearing

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 115(4)
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24031 ; IHTM24061 ; IHTM24068

Interaction of liabilities

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16385

Interaction with other reliefs/exemptions

Business property relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-250 ; Tax Reporter ¶660-850 ; Tax Reporter ¶666-200

Exemptions

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-350

National heritage property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-400

Woodlands

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-300

Joint tenants

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 116(6)
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24141

Land in habitat schemes

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 124C

Land set aside

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Land, meaning

Case Law – Starke & Anor (Executors of Brown deceased) v. Inland Revenue Commissioners. [1994] BTC 8,029 ; Starke & Anor (Executors of Brown deceased) v. Inland Revenue Commissioners. [1995] BTC 8,028

Main house on small country estate

Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs (2006) Sp C 565

Minimum period of occupation or ownership

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16745

Occupation of bungalow on farm by deceased, requisite period

Case Law – Atkinson & Anor (Executors of the Will of William Mashiter Atkinson (Dec'd) [2010] TC 00420 ; Revenue and Customs Commissioners v Atkinson & Anor (Executors of Atkinson dec'd). [2011] BTC 1,917

Ownership, minimum period of

Partnership changes disregarded

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 118(4)
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24112

Replacement property

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 118, 121(2), 123, 124B
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24011 ; IHTM24071 ; IHTM24100 ; IHTM24110 ; IHTM24111 ; IHTM24113 ; IHTM24114 ; IHTM24124 ; IHTM24133

Successions

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 120, 121
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24011 ; IHTM24071 ; IHTM24100 ; IHTM24102 ; IHTM24111 ; IHTM24120 ; IHTM24121 ; IHTM24122 ; IHTM24123 ; IHTM24124 ; IHTM24130 ; IHTM24133 ; IHTM24134 ; IHTM24151 ; IHTM25121

Two/seven year requirement

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 117

Partly exempt transfers

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 39A

Partnerships

Accruer arrangements

Legislation/Regulatory – Misc. 114

Changes disregarded

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 118(4)

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-550

Limited

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-700

Occupation of property by

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 119

Rate

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-650

Seven years' ownership, qualification

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-600

Transfers made before 10 March 1981

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-700

Two years' occupation, qualification

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-600

Persons qualifying for relief

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-450

Replacements of property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-550
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24101
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Reversionary interests

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-550
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24101
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Seven years' ownership, qualification

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-550
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24101
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Successions

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-550
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24101
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Two years' occupation, qualification

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-500
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Potentially exempt transfer

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 124A(1), 124B

Potentially exempt transfers

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶611-650

Property qualifying

Agricultural property, meaning

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Agricultural tenancies

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-300

Agricultural value, meaning

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-250

Contract for sale, property subject to

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-350

Property subject to a reservation

Legislation/Regulatory – FA86 Sch. 20, para. 8
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24202 ; IHTM24203 ; IHTM24204 ; IHTM24205 ; IHTM24206 ; IHTM25382 ; IHTM25383

Quotas

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Rates of tax

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 116

Replacement of property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-500 ; Tax Reporter ¶658-550
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24101
Case Law – Execs of Harrold dec'd

Replacement property

Generally

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 118, 121(2), 123, 124B

Transfers within seven years before death

Legislation/Regulatory – FA94 s. 247(3) ; IHTA84 s. 124B

Residential cottage with garden and orchard

Case Law – Dixon v IR Commrs (2001) Sp C 297

Set aside land

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Settled property

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-050

No qualifying interest in possession

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶363-800 ; Tax Reporter ¶364-075 ; Tax Reporter ¶660-150
HMRC Guidance – IHTM42224

Qualifying interest in possession

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶363-025 ; Tax Reporter ¶660-100

Short rotation coppice

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Situation of property

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 115(5)

Stud farms

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs

Successions

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 120, 121

Tax burden, allocation among beneficiaries

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶630-950

Transfer of tenanted agricultural land

Legislation/Regulatory – ESC F17

Transfer on death

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 120, 121

Transfers between spouses

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 120(2), 121(1)
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24125 ; IHTM24131 ; IHTM24132 ; IHTM24133 ; IHTM24134 ; IHTM24145

Transfers pre-10 March 1981

Farming companies

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-750

Generally

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-500

Partnerships

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-700

Persons qualifying for relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-600

Property qualifying for relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-550

Rate of relief

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-650

Relief, amount

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-650

Rough grazing land

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-650

Settled property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶660-800

Transfers within seven years before death

Company reconstructions

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-000

Death of transferee before transferor

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-900

Generally

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16750 ; Tax Reporter ¶612-050 ; Tax Reporter ¶658-850 ; Tax Reporter ¶659-050
Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 124A(2), 124B

Part only of property qualifying

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-950

Practical considerations

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-150

Replacement of property

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶659-100

Replacement property

Legislation/Regulatory – FA94 s. 247(3) ; IHTA84 s. 124B

Transfers within three years before death

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 131(2A)

Valuation

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16820

Value

Commentary – Essential Tax Companion ¶16735

Value for tax

Legislation/Regulatory – IHTA84 s. 116

Value transferred by disposition of house and barn

Case Law – Rosser v IR Commrs (2003) Sp C 368

Woodland

Commentary – Tax Reporter ¶658-200
HMRC Guidance – IHTM24051 ; IHTM24063 ; IHTM24064 ; IHTM24065 ; IHTM24066 ; IHTM24068 ; IHTM24250
Case Law – Arnander & Ors (Executors of McKenna dec'd) v. R & C Commrs ; Cottle v Coldicott (HMIT) ; Dixon v IR Commrs ; Higginson's Executors v IR Commrs ; Lloyds TSB (as personal representative of Antrobus dec'd) v IR Commrs ; Rosser v IR Commrs ; Taylor (personal representative of Sosnowski) v IR Commrs ; Wheatley's Executors v IR Commrs ; Williams (Personal Representative of Mary Philomena Williams dec'd) v. R & C Commrs